Tuesday, March 31, 2020

Health Disparities

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Title: Nonfatal Violent Workplace Crime Characteristics and Rates by Occupation
Date: March 27, 2020
STEEP Categories: Social
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6912a2.htm?s_cid=mm6912a2_w
Brief Description: In the United States, violent workplace crimes were reported by workers in all occupation groups. However, about 58% of these crimes were not actually reported. Workplace violence can lead to adverse physical and psychological health outcomes and affect work function. 
Future Implications: Since the incidence of nonfatal workplace violence varies by worker characteristics, violence prevention programs may benefit if they have different approaches for specific worker groups.
Overall Impact: Within these violent workplace crime rates, the demographics show that more higher rates of crime were against women than men. In addition, these offenders were known from the workplace. This trend confirms the baseline scenario where many women are more subject to mistreatment and/or harassment in their workplace which impacts their overall health. The higher prevalence of crimes against women over men reflects the health disparities that female workers have against male workers. The implementation of violence prevention programs can help workers become more aware of this issue and more action can be taken to prevent these crimes from happening. 
Timeliness (0-5): 2
Impact (0-5): 2
Scope (0-5): 2
Likelihood (0-5): 3
Urgency (0-5): 3

Monday, March 30, 2020

Health Disparities

Source: US News
Title: Rumor, Disparity and Distrust: Why Black Americans Face an Uphill Battle Against COVID-19
Date: March 25, 2020
STEEP Categories: Social
Link: https://www.usnews.com/news/healthiest-communities/articles/2020-03-25/why-black-americans-face-an-uphill-battle-against-the-coronavirus
Brief Description: There were many myths and rumors going around in regards to the COVID-19 pandemic, one specifically implying that black people were "immune" to the virus. Since the demographics within first batch of confirmed cases in the U.S. seemed to not consist of any African-Americans, people assumed they could not be infected. However, with decades of documented unequal treatment and worse health outcomes, the current COVID-19 pandemic will place many African-Americans in danger. 
Future Implications: The highly contagious and potentially deadly virus will impact the black community very intensely across the nation.
Overall Impact: This trend confirms the baseline scenario where in the United States, based on documented health disparities between racial groups, there are higher rates of chronic diseases, poverty, housing insecurity, and lower access to health care among blacks compared to whites. In addition to that, there are many hidden biases that white doctors have towards their black patients. This makes black Americans more vulnerable to COVID-19 to a greater extent than other, more socially advantaged groups. 
Timeliness (0-5): 5
Impact (0-5): 5
Scope (0-5): 4
Likelihood (0-5): 4
Urgency (0-5): 5

Wednesday, March 25, 2020

Health Disparities

Source: Health IT Analytics
Title: Leveraging A.I. for COVID-19 Outreach, Population Health Management
Date: March 24, 2020
STEEP Categories: Social, Technological
Link: https://healthitanalytics.com/news/leveraging-ai-for-covid-19-outreach-population-health-management
Brief Description: With COVID-19 spreading rapidly, it leaves many Americans, specifically those who are immune-compromised, at a vulnerable state in terms of fighting this virus. At Medical Home Network in Chicago, they are using population health management strategies and artificial intelligence in order to reach these vulnerable patients during this pandemic. 
Future Implications: The use of Artificial Intelligence during the COVID-19 pandemic can help health care providers prioritize care for vulnerable patients. 
Overall Impact: This trend creates a new scenario where the most vulnerable patients will be prioritized during this pandemic. There has been many controversy and concerns about prioritization among COVID-19 patients due to there being a shortage in medical supplies, such as respiratory machines. It's believed that if there becomes a severe shortage in these items that younger individuals will be prioritized over the elderly even though elderly patients are more vulnerable. With the use of A.I and other public health strategies, the chances of vulnerable patients facing worse health outcomes will begin to be managed so that these disparities can condense. 
Timeliness (0-5): 4
Impact (0-5): 3
Scope (0-5): 4
Likelihood (0-5): 5
Urgency (0-5): 5

Tuesday, March 24, 2020

Health Disparities

Source: World Health Organization (WHO)
Title: New WHO recommendations to prevent tuberculosis aim to save millions of lives
Date: March 24, 2020
STEEP Categories: Social, Environmental
Link: https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/24-03-2020-new-who-recommendations-to-prevent-tuberculosis-aim-to-save-millions-of-lives
Brief Description: With an estimation of around 25% of the world's population to be infected with the Tuberculosis bacteria, the World Health Organization has come up with new guidelines to help countries accelerate efforts to stop people with TB infection from becoming ill with preventative treatment.
Future Implications: If most countries follow these new recommended guidelines, the costs of treatments will be newer, safer and affordable which can lead to saving millions of lives.
Overall Impact: This trend confirms a baseline scenario where TB still remains the world's top infectious killer and public health organizations will continue to work on and come up with more preventative methods in order to prevent the onset of Tuberculosis infection. In the United States, TB impacts those of Hispanic/Latino descent at a greater rate than any other ethnicity. If the health care providers, government and/or affected communities follow these recommended guidelines, the racial/ethnic disparities among Americans infected with TB may begin minimizing over time. 
Timeliness (0-5): 3
Impact (0-5): 3
Scope (0-5): 2
Likelihood (0-5): 3
Urgency (0-5): 3

Saturday, March 21, 2020

Health Disparities

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Title: Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Date: March 18, 2020
STEEP Categories: Social, Environmental, Economic
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6912e2.htm?s_cid=mm6912e2_w
Brief Description: What's already known regarding the COVID-19 pandemic is that in China, majority of the deaths from this virus occur amongst adults over the age of 60. With approximately 49 million Americans being age 65 or older, this makes many, if not all, of these adults at a higher risk of severe complications if the virus is contracted. Currently, in the United States the mortality patterns are just about the same as China; with >80% deaths among adults aged 65 or older. The highest percentile being among ages 85 and older. 
Future Implications: COVID-19 can result in severe disease, including hospitalization, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), and death, especially among older adults. In order to help slow the spread of coronavirus, everyone should take actions such as social distancing to "flatten the curve". Also, these actions will help protect the health care system as well as vulnerable older adults. 
Overall Effect: This trend confirms a new scenario where due to lack of safety precautions from Americans such as social distancing and self-quarantine, this puts many vulnerable individuals at risk of coming into contact with the coronavirus which can lead to serious complications and/or death. As the number of confirmed cases continue to skyrocket on almost a daily basis, the death toll also increases. With older adults being most vulnerable, it puts a harsh impact on the health disparities between young and older Americans. 
Timeliness (0-5): 5
Impact (0-5): 5
Scope (0-5): 5
Likelihood (0-5): 5
Urgency (0-5): 5

Tuesday, March 17, 2020

Health Disparities

Source: US News
Title: What Coronavirus Treatment Could Cost You
Date: March 16, 2020
STEEP Categories: Social, Economic 
Link: https://www.usnews.com/news/healthiest-communities/articles/2020-03-16/what-coronavirus-treatment-could-cost-privately-insured-patients
Brief Description: In recent days, the current number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the U.S has reached over 4,200. Americans, specifically those with employer-based insurance, could be hit with high out-of-pocket medical costs if they're hospitalized from coronavirus. The health insurance industry have clarified that they will waive out-of-pocket costs for COVID-19 testing but not treatment. 
Future Implications: Many Americans who contract the coronavirus will not seek hospitalization due to high out-of-pocket costs for treatment. 
Overall Effect: This trend confirms the baseline scenario where many Americans who are ill will not seek treatment from doctors due to their health insurance companies not providing full coverage. Only those who are financially stable enough to cover the high costs of out-of-pocket hospital fees will seek treatment if infected with the coronavirus. This leaves those who are of a lower socioeconomic status more vulnerable to being in critical condition and higher risk of mortality which contributes to widening the gap of health disparities between the rich and working class.
Timeliness (0-5): 5
Impact (0-5): 4
Scope (0-5): 4
Likelihood (0-5): 5
Urgency (0-5): 5

Thursday, March 12, 2020

Health Disparities

Source: HealthITAnalytics
Title: AI Reveals Cellular Variants Between Black and White Cancer Patients
Date: March 6, 2020
STEEP Categories: Technological, Social
Link: https://healthitanalytics.com/news/ai-reveals-cellular-variants-between-black-and-white-cancer-patients
Brief Description: A grant of $3.2 million has been received by researchers in order to uncover the racial bias (potentially) in cancer care using artificial intelligence. Using this AI model, they look for patterns from images of the tumor, as well as the outside tissue, allowing them to identify which patients respond well to certain treatments. The results revealed that there are biological variants among patients of different races that must be considered. 
Future Implications: The new findings from this population-specific research can significantly improve the care for black cancer patients
Overall Effect: This trend creates a new scenario where the new discovery of the biological variants between different races, using Artificial Intelligence, will help reduce the disparities between black and white cancer patients. They will train these AI models to have diverse patient data which will help ensure that treatment will no longer be broad and their race or biological variants will be taken into account in order to improve care for these patients. 
Timeliness (0-5): 3
Impact (0-5): 4
Scope (0-5): 3
Likelihood (0-5): 3
Urgency (0-5): 4

Thursday, March 5, 2020

Health Disparities

Source: STAT News
Title: See One Woman's Complicated, Costly Journey to a Canadian Strip Mall Pharmacy — All for Cheaper Insulin
Date: March 4, 2020
STEEP Categories: Social, Economic
Link: https://www.statnews.com/2020/03/04/photo-essay-journey-to-canada-for-insulin/
Brief Description: Due to high costs of Insulin in the United States, a 26 year old, Type 1 Diabetic, woman from Santa Cruz, California took it upon herself to travel all the way to Vancouver, Canada for her medication. In the United States, Insulin costs have nearly tripled, making the average cost for a single vial of insulin approximately $300. Whereas, in Canada it's only $50 per vial. 
Future Implications: The costs of Insulin will continue to multiply, with little to no coverage from health insurance companies, making it harder for working class Americans to treat their condition. 
Overall Impact: With the costs of Insulin in the United States raising overtime, this trend creates a new scenario where Diabetic Americans will have to resort to international travel in order to find affordable insulin that isn't covered by their health insurance. This trend also confirms the baseline scenario of health disparities between wealthy Americans and low/middle class Americans. With Diabetes being one of the top ten health problems in the United States, the ability to afford insulin has a negative impact on the progression in eliminating these type of health differences. Those who cannot afford a consistent supply have resorted to rationing their dosage, which can be dangerous and will lead to the widening of the disparity gap overtime. 
Timeliness (0-5): 3
Impact (0-5): 4
Scope (0-5): 2
Likelihood (0-5): 5
Urgency (0-5): 5

Tuesday, March 3, 2020

Health Disparities

Source: USNews
Title: U.S. Death Toll From Coronavirus Rises to 6 in Washington State
Date: March 2, 2020
STEEP Categories: Social, Environmental
Link: https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2020-03-02/us-death-toll-from-coronavirus-rises-to-6-in-washington-state
Brief Description: Health Officials in Washington State have just announced 4 additional deaths, making the total death toll from COVID-19 in the United States 6. All deaths are coming from Washington State and these individuals are all confirmed to be elderly
Future Implications: The coronavirus death toll will continue to rise, mainly affecting those who are elderly or have underlying health conditions. 
Overall Impact: This trend now creates a new scenario where there's a public health emergency globally which will have an overall impact on health disparities due to it's mortality rate and demographics. Due to this coronavirus pandemic, many individuals who are about 50 years or older are at a higher risk of dying from the virus. This creates a large gap of disparities between the age groups and will put a halt towards the progress of eliminating health disparities.
Timeliness (0-5): 5
Impact (0-5): 5
Scope (0-5): 5
Likelihood (0-5): 5
Urgency (0-5): 5